MRD Innovations

Health in perspective

Health statistics that shape longer lives.

A concise, source-linked view of global lifespan, healthspan and the conditions that influence how well people age.

Reviewed August 2026

The global picture

More years do not always mean more healthy years.

Life expectancy estimates describe average length of life. Healthy life expectancy estimates the years a person can expect to live in full health. Reading both gives a clearer view of progress.

How to read these numbers. Global and national estimates use different populations, years and methods. They provide population-level context and should not be used to predict an individual's lifespan or health.

Healthspan

The gap is the challenge.

Using WHO's 2021 global estimates, the difference between life expectancy and healthy life expectancy is about 9.5 years. This is a simple comparison of two population measures, not a forecast for any individual.

Healthy life expectancy
61.9 years
Life expectancy
71.4 years

Closing this difference means focusing not only on survival, but also on function, independence and quality of life.

Healthy ageing

Evidence points to connected daily systems.

The National Institute on Aging highlights several modifiable factors that support physical, mental and cognitive health across the lifespan.

Movement

Regular physical activity is associated with longer life, better function, stronger muscles and improved emotional wellbeing.

Sleep

Consistent, good-quality sleep supports memory, mood, decision-making and metabolic health.

Nutrition

Eating patterns rich in vegetables, fruit, whole grains, healthy fats and lean proteins are linked with healthier ageing.

Connection

Social participation and meaningful relationships are associated with better physical and psychological wellbeing.

Preventive care

Regular care, medication management and attention to mental health help protect function over time.

Risk reduction

Avoiding tobacco and limiting alcohol exposure can reduce risks linked with chronic disease and disability.

Research context: National Institute on Aging, What Do We Know About Healthy Aging?

The demographic context

See how the age profile of the world is changing.

Explore the population projections behind the global longevity conversation.

View longevity statistics

Sources and methodology

Primary sources, clearly separated from interpretation.

Statistics may be revised as agencies release new estimates. This page is for general information only and is not medical advice, diagnosis or treatment guidance.